Paper making



FREDERICK team, or ASHTON-ON-MERSEY, ENGLAND.

PAPER MAKING.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK KA YE, a subject of the King of GreatBritain and Ireland, residin at Ashton-on-Mersey, in

the county of Chester, England, have invented new and usefulImprovements Relating to Paper Making, for which I have filedapplication for patent in Great Britain June 25, 1920, No. 17,252, andof which the following is a. specification.

This invention refers to the manufacture of paper and paper-likematerials, and its chief object is the production of paperor the likewhich is remarkably strong both with regard to tensile strength and toresistance 'to abrasion and to repeated bending While under tension.paper or the like which has a considerable bursting strength. A- furtherobject is a paper or the like in which low grade fibres may beprofitably used.

According to the invention, any natural india-rubber-containing latex,or any indiarubber-containing latex preserved by ammonia, formaldehydeand the like, or any gutta-containing latex, or balata-containinglatex,singly or combined, is or are added to the usual paper making materials,cotton, jute, linen hemp. wood pulp or other vegetable or animal fibres,as well as mineral fibres such as asbestos, together with any mineral.fillers, such as china clay and the like. l

The said latex or latices is or are added to the paper pulp after thelatter hasbeen beaten to the required extent for the qual-. ity of paperaimed at,and the quantity of latex or latices added is in proportion'tothe quality of the paper to be made and the nature of the fibres, andother materials used in the composition of the paper. After thoroughlymixing the latex or latices With the pulp, which may be done in thebeater, a co'a -ulative agent is added, said agent being added accordingto the nature and state of the latex, and being such as acetic acid,formic-acid or any other suitable organic or mineral acid, or smallquantities of mineral salts.

lVhen a satisfactory coagulation has been efiecte'd the contents of. thebeater are transv ferred to the cistern or pulp-holding tank of theusual paper making machine and run throu h the machine in the ordinarymanl'he paper maybe sized in the usual Another object is a Applicationfiled June 22, 1921. Serial No. 479,642.

manner, before orafter the addition of the siderable, say 1% to 0.1%, oreven less ofrubber, gutta or balatu content. The

amount of coagulative agent should be the minimum quantity necessarywhich can be experimentally determined. i

The nature and quantity of coagulatiw agent may vary with the nature andcharacter of the latex or latices employed. but such Will be easilydetermined by those skilled in the art.

Hiqhlv satisfactory paper has been man ufactured by this process, usingthe latex of H ecea Znwsiiicnsis. and containing 0.3, g 1%, 2%, 4% and5% of. rubber to the Weight of dried paper, \vhilst much more resinouslatices have been successfully used to pro-- duce papers for specialpurposes containing as much as 10% of coagulative material.

Paper containing india-rubber has a high tensile strength. The foldingnumber. as determined by the Schopper folding machine, of samples ofpaper containing 0.5% of rubber and vulcanized. has reached 5.000 to6,000. W'ithout vulcanization, paper containing 2% of rubber often has afolding number of 2,000 and over.

The bursting strength of many papers made from chemical Wood pulpcontaining rubber from the latex of Hcrca brasiZie/zsis, or from thecoagulum of highly resinous latices containing rubber. gut'ta or balata,is equal to that of paper made by the Kraft process.

The quality of paper being improved by this process the time of beatingmay, in many cases, be considerably shortened, thus reducing the cost ofmanufacture. Further, by this invention fibres of low grade can beprofitably used for the purpose of paper making. The invention may beusefully ap plied in the making of mill board andsimilar paper-likematerials.

What I claim is 2- 1. The process of making paper, which consists inadding to the paper pulp after digestion and prior to passing the pulpthrough a paper-making machine, a rubbercontaining latex, mixing themass thereby to disseminate the latex between the parafter suchmaterials have been beaten,

rubber-containing latex, gutta-containing latex, or balataeontaininglatex, or a com bination of any two of these latices mixing the saidmaterials and latex or latices to; gether, adding a coagulative agent tothe mixture, andafter suitable coagulation, passing the mixture througha paper-making machine, as set forth.

4. In a process of making paper of any desired thickness adding to thepaper pulp, after being beaten, rubber-containing latex,gutta-containi-ng latex, or balata-containing latex diluted to containonly a small content of rubber, gutta or balata relatively to the weightof paper to be produceddmixing the pulp and diluted latex, adding acoagulative agent to the mixture, and after suitable coagulation,passing the mixture 5 through a paper-making machine, as set forth.

5. In a process of making paper of any desired thickness adding to thepaper pulp after being beaten, rubber-containing, gutta- 4 containing,and balata-eontaining latices mixedwith each other in suitableproportions, mixing the beaten materials and latices together, adding acoagulative agent to the mixture, and after coagulation passing througha paper-making machine, sub: stantially as herein set forth. y,

6. The process of making paper of any desired thickness consisting inadding to the ordinary materials used in making paper, after thematerials have, beenbeaten, rubber-containing latex, gutta'containinglatex, or balata-containing latex, mixing said materials and latextogether, adding a coagulative agent to the mixture, and after suitablecoagulation, passing the mixture through a paper-making machine, andfinally vulcanizing the paper, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

FREDERICK KAYE.

